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Computer Security Computer security, also known as cybersecurity, involves protecting computer systems and networks from theft, damage, and unauthorized access. This includes safeguarding hardware, software, and data from cyber threats like hacking, viruses, and other malicious activities. Data Security Data security focuses specifically on protecting data from unauthorized access, corruption, or theft. It encompasses a wide range of practices and technologies to ensure the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of data. Key practices in data security include: ●      Data Encryption: Encoding data so that only authorized parties can read it. ●      Access Controls: Restricting access to data to authorized users. ●      Data Masking: Hiding actual data with modified content to protect sensitive information. ●      Data Backup and Recovery: Regularly saving copies of data to prevent l...

 Scenario:  The head teacher's office is having a lot of e-waste that has accumulated over time. It consists of used up printers, cartridges, projectors, computers keyboards, which were damaged due to power surge. He is now tired of the waste and wants to dispose of it and through proper management. You have been identified as the best ICT student to handle this work. Task: Click here to read and answer the qns

 VLOOKUP stands for Vertical Lookup. it is a function that makes excel search for a certain value in a column you specify from table array, in order to return  a value from a different column in the same row. Vlookup is often used to grade items when a grading table is given HOW TO USE VLOOKUP Click on the link below to practice the qn OPEN VLOOCKUP EXCEL FILE HLOOKUP HLOOKUP stands for Horizontal lookup (opposite of  vlookup). it is a function that makes excel search for a certain value in a specified row from table array, in order to return a value from different row in the same column. COUNTIF FUNCTION Count if counts the number of cells in a range, which citifies a given criterion or condition . Here are some examples of how to use the COUNTIF function in Excel: Counting cells with a specific value : If you want to count the number of cells that contain a specific value, you can use the COUNTIF function. For example, if you want to count the number of cells in rang...

   A cell reference refers to the location of a cell in a worksheet and can be used in a formula so that Excel can find the values or data that you want the formula to calculate 1 . For example, if you have data in cell A2 and you want to use that value in cell A1, you can use =A2 in cell A1. This will copy the value of A2 into A1 2 . This is known as cell referencing in Excel 2 . There are three types of cell references in Excel 2 : Relative cell references : These are the most common and refer to cells relative to the position of the formula. If the position of the cell that contains the formula changes, the reference is changed Absolute cell references : These refer to cells in a specific location. The reference to a cell doesn’t change even if the formula is moved or copied to another cell. Absolute references are marked by a dollar sign, for example $A$2 . Mixed cell references : These refer to a cell’s fixed column or row. Only the column or row element of the reference...